Perceptions of Health professionals regarding biopsychosociocultural factors related to breastfeeding

Abstract

Breastfeeding is an important social practice, however, its rate in Brazil, approximately 40%, is lower than recommended by the World Health Organization. Thus, the objective of the study was to understand the perceptions of health professionals about biopsychosociocultural factors related to breastfeeding. Qualitative, descriptive and exploratory study conducted through semi-structured interviews, with 28 health professionals from family health units, in a city in the state of Paraná. Data analysis was thematic and discussed following the Pender Health Promotion Theoretical Model. It was noticed that mixed breastfeeding is the most adopted practice up to six months of life of the newborn. Thus, maternal work as the main barrier for practicing exclusive breastfeeding. Aspects of biological, cultural and professional intervention also emerged. However, several biopsychosociocultural factors that interfere with exclusive breastfeeding were not pointed as the cause of non-exclusive breastfeeding and early weaning. The importance of qualified primary health care professionals prepared to support women and their families in the breastfeeding process is demonstrated.