Epidemiological characterization of morbidity from Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis in Brazil, 2010-2021

Abstract

Cross-sectional study describing the characteristics of the morbidity from Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis (EPTB) in Brazil from 2010 to 2021. The percentages of EPTB in the following sites were evaluated: pleural, peripheral nodes, genitourinary, bone, ocular, miliary, meningoencephalic, cutaneous, laryngeal and others. Descriptive statistics summarized the socioepidemiological characteristics by region. The joinpoint regression model was used to analyse and graphically represent the trend. Pearson’s bivariate correlation and the Poisson regression model were used to estimate the relationship and effect of the variables on the cases. The pleura was the most affected site, as well as the Southeast region. Men, blacks, 15-59 years old group and HIV/AIDS were the most associated to EPTB. Incidence rates showed a decrease between 2019 and 2021 in the North, Midwest and South regions. In the country, the reduction in the trend predominated, except in children from 0 to 14 years old, with a significant increase in the female from 2019. This study provided socioepidemiological information on the occurrence of TBEP, highlighting the importance of the coverage and quality of the primary health care attentions teams.